Click here to access article by Don Quijones, a British expat living in Spain, from his blog Raging Bull-Shit.
The games that these vulture funds play is rarely explained in mainstream media so that ordinary people can understand them. That is because there is a lot of money to be made in these scams played by major capitalist players who have considerable influence within the ruling capitalist class. As key players in the ruling class they essentially own the government which, of course, includes the court system.
This author in a brief space provides a very good start on understanding the issue as it currently applies to Argentina. And, I have since found three other articles that add more clarity to the subject: "How the US Supreme Court brought Argentina to the brink of financial crisis" from Vox, "After Supreme Court loss, 'vulture funds' circling Argentina's billions" from Al Jazeera, and "U.S. Supreme Court “Validates” Vulture Fund Activities" from Inter Press Service.
To really understand these scams, you must, once again, return to John Perkins' classic work on the subject, Confessions of an Economic Hit Man (2005). He has also subsequently written other books on the subject which I haven't read.